LL.B. Syllabus

Course Content

1. 01

   Introduction: Definition, Nature and Scope of Jurisprudence, Importance of the Study of Jurisprudence

2. 02

   Natural Law School: Classical Natural Law, Revival of Natural Law: Rudolf Stammler and Kohler.

3. 03

   Analytical School: John Austin, Hans Kelsen, And H.L.A. Hart.

4. 04

   Historical School: Frederick Karl Von Savigny, Sir Henry Sumner Maine.

5. 05

   Sociological School: Background and Characteristics, Roscoe Pound, Leon Dugit.

6. 06

   American Modern Realism.

7. 07

   Economic Approach of Law: Marxist Economic Approach on Law.

Books Recommended

• Bodenheilmer: Jurisprudence.
• Dias, Jurisprudence.
• Friedman, Law in Changing Society.
• Llyoyd, Introduction of Jurisprudence.
• Mahajan V.D., Jurisprudence.
• Paton: Jurisprudence.
• Salmond: Jurisprudence.

Course Content

1. 01

   . Nature of the Indian Constitution. Special emphasis shall be placed on

   1. Federal Structure and
   2. Form of the Government.
2. 02

   . Preamble of the Constitution

3. 03

   . Fundamental Rights –

   1. General: Scheme of Fundamental Rights, Who can claim Fundamental Rights: Against whom Fundamental Rights are available ? Suspension of Fundamental Rights.
   2. Specific Fundamental Rights-
4. 04

   Right to Equality (Articles 14 to 18)

5. 05

   Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression (Article 19(1)(a))

6. 06

   Protection in respect of Conviction for offences (Article 20)

7. 07

   Right to Life and Personal Liberty (Article 21)

8. 08

   Right to Education (Article 21A)

9. 09

   Right against Exploitation (Articles 23 to 24)

10. 10

    Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25 to 28)

11. 11

    Cultural and Educational Rights of Minorities (Articles 29 to 30)

12. 12

    Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)

13. 13

    Directive Principles of State Policy, their importance and r elationship with Fundamental Rights.

14. 14

    Fundamental Duties

Books Recommended

• Chander Pal, Centre State Relations and Indian Cooperative Federalism.
• Chander Pal, State Autonomy in Indian Federation: Emerging Trends.
• Hidayatullah M., Constitutional Law of India.
• Jain M.P., Constitutional Law.
• Pandey J.N., Constitutional Law of India.
• Seervai H.M., Constitutional Law of India.
• Shukla V.N., Constitutional Law of India.
• Tope T.R., Constitutional Law of India.

Course Content

1. 01

   Torts and Tortious Liability Introduction - Definition, Nature and Characteristics of Torts - Constituents of Tort - Fault – Damnum sine injuria, Injuria sine damnum - Mental element – Malice, Negligence, Motive - Who,may sue, who may not be sued ? - Strict and Absolute Liability

2. 02

   Justification in Tort - Volenti non fit injuria - Necessity - Inevitable accident and Act of God - Statutory authority

3. 03

   Liability for Torts Committed by Others - Vicarious Liability - Liability of the State – Doctrine of sovereign Immunity - Joint Tort- feasers

4. 04

   Specific Torts - Negligence - Nuisance - Trespass - Defamation

5. 05

   Consumer Protection Act - Consumer definition and concept - Contract of service and contract for service - Enforcement of Consumer rights.

Books Recommended

• Aggarwal V.K., Law on Consumer Protection (students edition).
• Bangia R.K., The Law of Torts.
• Kapoor S.K., Law of Torts.
• Lal Rattan & Lal Dhiraj, The Law of Torts.
• Paranjape N.V., Law of Torts.
• Salmond W.G., Law of Torts.
• Winfield and Jolowicz, Torts.

Course Content

1. 01

   General Principles of Crime: Concept of crime; Elements of crime; stages of crime; Concept of Strict Liability, Constructive Liability, Common Intention and Common Object.

2. 02

   Inchoate Crime/ Preliminary offences: Abetment, conspiracy and attempt

3. 03

   General Exception: Mistake, accident, necessity, young age, unsoundness of mind, drunkenness, Right of Private Defence.

4. Specific Offences

5. 01

   Offences Affecting Human Body: Culpable Homicide, Murder, Homicide by Rash and Negligent Act, Hurt and Grievous Hurt; Kidnapping and Abduction, Wrongful Restraint and Wrongful Confinement, Assault, Criminal Force.

6. 02

   Offences Against Property: Theft Extortion; Robbery; Dacoity; Dishonest Misappropriation of Property; Criminal Breach of Trust; Cheating.

7. 03

   Offences Against State and Public Tranquility: Act Endangering Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India; Unlawful Assembly; Rioting and Affray.

8. 04

   Offences Against Woman and Child: Rape; Sexual Harassment; Voyeurism; Dowry Death and Offences against Child.

Books Recommended

• Gaur Hari Singh (Dr.), Penal Law of India.
• Gaur K.D., Criminal Law cases and materials.
• Lal Rattan Lal Dhiraj, Indian Penal Code.
• Misra S.N., Indian Penal Code.
• Nigam R.C., Principles of Criminal Law.

Course Content

1. 01

   Purpose, Evolution and Scope of Law of Contracts

2. 02

   Proposal and Promise Including Communication of Proposal, Acceptance and Communication of the Revocation of Proposal and Acceptance.

3. 03

   Consideration and Doctrine of Privity of Contract.

4. 04

   Lawful Object and Consideration.

5. 05

   Capacity to Contract: Minors, Persons of Unsound Mind and Others Disqualified by Law; Nature and Effects of Minor's Agreements; Doctrine of Restitution.

6. 06

   Consent and Free Consent.

7. 07

   Standard Form of Contracts

8. 08

   Agreements Declared Void and Voidable Under the Contract Act.

9. 09

   Contingent Contracts

10. 10

    Law Relating to Certain Relations Resembling those Created by Contracts, viz., Quasi-Contracts.

11. 11

    Discharge of contracts with special reference to the doctrine of frustration.

12. 12

    Remedies in the form of compensation

Books Recommended

• Anson’s Law of Contract.
• Bangia R.K. (Dr.), Indian Contract Act
• Desai S.T., The Indian Contract Act
• Kapoor S.K., Contract
• Moitra A.C., (Dr.), Principles and Digest of Indian Contract Act.
• Pollock and Mulla, Indian Contract and Specific Relief Act
• Singh Avtar (Dr.), Law of Contract

Course Content

1. 01

   Legal Person: Nature and Concept, Theories of Legal Personality.

2. 02

   Legal Rights And Duties: Definition, Basis and Characteristics and Kinds of Legal Rights, Relationship between Rights and Duties, Wider sense of right.

3. 03

   Possession: Theories of Possession, Possession in Fact and Possession in Law, Kinds of Possession.

4. 04

   Ownership: Definition, Kinds of Ownership, Relationship between Ownership and Possession.

5. 05

   Liability: Remedial and Penal Liability, Strict and Vicarious Liability, Mens rea and Negligence.

6. 06

   Law and Justice: Administration of Justice, Theories of Punishment.

7. 07

   Concept of State and Sovereignty.

8. 08

   Law and Morality: Relation between Law and Morals, Legal Enforcement of Morality.

9. 09

   Sources of Law: Custom, Precedent, and Legislation.

Books Recommended

• Bodenheilmer: Jurisprudence.
• Dias, Jurisprudence.
• Friedman, Law in Changing Society.
• Llyoyd, Introduction of Jurisprudence.
• Mahajan V.D., Jurisprudence.
• Paton: Jurisprudence.
• Salmond: Jurisprudence.
• Tripathi B.N.M., Jurisprudence.

Course Content

1. 01

   Union Parliament: Organization, P rocedure regarding Enactment of Legislation, Parliamentary Privileges.

2. 02

   Union Executive: The President, his Powers and Position including Ordinance Making Power.

3. 03

   Prime Minister and the Cabinet. Is the Prime Minister Real Head?

4. 04

   Distribution of Legislative Powers bet ween Union and the States. Territorial and Topical Distribution of Powers. Power of Parliament to Legislate on State Matters. Doctrine of Territorial Nexus. Doctrine of Pith and Substance, Doctrine of Colourable Legislation.

5. 05

   Emergency Provisions with Special References to Proclamation of Emergency and President's Rule.

6. 06

   Union Judiciary: Supreme Court of India. Composition and Jurisdiction

7. 07

   Amendment of the Constitution. Power and Procedure; Basic Structure of the Constitution.

Books Recommended

• Chander Pal, Centre State Relations and Indian Cooperative Federalism.
• Chander Pal, State Autonomy in Indian Federation: Emerging Trends.
• Hidayatullah M., Constitutional Law of India.
• Jain M.P., Constitutional Law.
• Pandey J.N., Constitutional Law of India.
• Seervai H.M., Constitutional Law of India.
• Shukla V.N., Constitutional Law of India.
• Tope T.R., Constitutional Law of India.

Course Content

1. 01

   Sources of Hindu Law

2. 02

   Schools and Sub-Schools of Hindu Law

3. 03

   Marriage: Essentials of a Valid Marriage, Void and Voidable Marriage

4. 04

   Matrimonial Relief: Concept and Grounds of Various Matrimonial Reliefs viz.

5. 05

   Restitution of Conjugal Rights

6. 06

   Judicial Separation

7. 07

   Nullity of Marriage

8. 08

   Divorce

9. 09

   Legitimacy - Legal Status of Children Born of Void and Voidable Marriage.

10. 10

    Adoption

11. 11

    Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956

12. 12

    Law of Maintenance – Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956.

13. 13

    Law of Succession under The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 – Devolution of interest of coparcenary property (Section 6), General rules of succession in t he case of male Hindus (Section 8), General rules of succession in the case of female Hindus (Section

14. 14

    , Testamentary succession (Section 30).

Books Recommended

• Mulla, Principles of Hindu Law
• Diwan Paras (Dr.), Modern Hindu Law
• Mayne’s, Hindu Law and Usage
• Kesari U.P.D. (Dr.), Modern Hindu Law Sharma B. K.- Modern Hindu Law

Course Content

1. 01

   Contract of Indemnity, Contract of Guarantee, Bailment and Pledge.

2. 02

   Contract of Agency.

3. 03

   Definition of Sale, Essentials of Contract of Sale and Agreement to Sale, Duties of Sellers and Buyers, Sale by Sample, Sale by Description, Conditions and Warranties, Rule of Caveat Emptor.

4. 04

   Transfer of Title, Passing of Property in Goods, Delivery of Goods – Rules regarding Delivery of Goods, Unpaid Seller and his Rights, Remedies for the Breach of Contract.

5. 05

   Network of Partnership, Difference between Partnership and a Company, Mutual relationship between Partners, Authority of Partners, Dissolution of Partnership, Minor as Partner, Effect of non-registration of Firm.

Books Recommended

• Anson, Law of Contract.
• Bangia R.K. (Dr.), Indian Contract Act.
• Desai S.T., The Indian Contract Act.
• Kapoor S.K., Contract.
• Moitra A.C., (Dr.), Principles and Digest of Indian Contract Act.
• Narayena P.S., The Law of Partnership.
• Pollock and Mulla, Indian Contract and Specific Relief Act.
• Singh Avtar (Dr.), Introduction to Law of Partnership.
• Singh Avtar (Dr.), Law of Contract.

Course Content

1. 01

   Introduction to Muslim Law

2. 02

   Sources of Muslim Law

3. 03

   Schools of Muslim Law

4. 04

   Applicability of Muslim Law

5. 05

   Marriage

6. 06

   Mahr (Dower)

7. 07

   Talaq and its kinds, Dissolution of Marriage (Divorce) under Muslim Women Protection of Rights on Divorce Act, Maintenance of Wives (125 Cr.P.C, Shah Bano Case etc.)

8. 08

   Wills

9. 09

   Gifts

10. 10

    Wakf

11. 11

    Pre-emption

12. 12

    Acknowledgement and Guardianship.

Books Recommended

• Ahmad Aqeel, Mohammdan Law.
• Ali Ameer, Principles of Mohammadan Law.
• Fyzee, Outlines of Mohammedan Law.
• Mahmood Tahir, Muslim Law of India.
• Mulla, Principles of Mohammadan Law.
• Rashid Khalid, Muslim Law.
• Wilson, Muslim Law.
• Cental Acts: Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939.
• : Family Courts Act, 1984.
• : Muslim Personal Law(Shariat) Application Act,1937.
• : Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986.

Course Content

1. 01

   Theoretical Foundation of International Law:

   1. Definition,
   2. Nature and Scope
2. 02

   Sources of International Law:

   1. Custom,
   2. International Conventions,
   3. General Principles of Law,
   4. Judicial Decisions and Juristic Works
3. 03

   Relation between International Law and Municipal Law:

   1. Theories of Relationship,
   2. Indian and British Practices
4. 04

   State: State Sovereignty, State Territories and Jurisdiction, Recognition, Succession, Intervention, Nationality, Diplomatic Agents, Extradition and Asylum.

5. 05

   Laws of War: War Crimes and Crime against Peace, Settlement of International Disputes – Pacific and Coercive, Hijacking Narcotics, Treatment of Aliens, Enemy Character, Contraband, Blockade, State Jurisdiction on Terrorism.

6. 06

   Law of the Sea: Maritime Belt, Contiguous Zone, EEZ, Continental Shelf Jurisdiction.

Books Recommended

• Aggarwal, H.O., Public International Law and Human Rights.
• Greig, D.W., International Law.
• Harris, D.J., Cases and Material on International Law.
• Kappor, S.K., International Law.
• Starke, J.G., An Introduction to International Law.

Course Content

1. 01

   Evolution of Administrative Law, Definition and its Scope.

2. 02

   Rule of Law.

3. 03

   Separation of Powers

4. 04

   Delegated Legislation:

   1. Necessity of Delegated Legislation
   2. Constitutionality of Delegated Legislation
   3. Control Over Delegated Legislation
5. 05

   Judicial Control,

6. 06

   Parliamentary Control,

7. 07

   Procedural Control.

8. 08

   Principles of Natural Justice:

   1. Nemo judex in sua causa (Rule Against Bias),
   2. Audi alteram partem,
   3. Reasoned decision,
   4. Doctrine of Legitimate Expectation.
9. 09

   Writs with Special Reference to:

   1. Writ of Habeas Corpus
   2. Writ of Prohobition
   3. Writ of Certiorari
   4. Writ of Mandamus
   5. Writ of Quo-Warranto
10. 10

    Public Interest Litigation.

11. 11

    Ombudsman (Lokpal) in India & Lokayukta in State of U.P.,

12. 12

    Administrative Tribunals - With Special Reference to Central Administrative Tribunals.

Books Recommended

• Basu D.D., Comparative Administrative Law.
• Jain M.P. & Jain S.N., Principles of Adminstrative Law.
• Joshi K.C., Administrative Law.
• Massey I.P., Administrative Law.
• S.P.Sathe, Administrative Law.
• Takwani C.K., Lectures on Administrative Law.
• Thakkar C.K., Administrative Law.
• Wade H.P.W., Principles of Administrative Law.

Course Content

1. 01

   Preliminary (Sections 1 - 4)

2. 02

   Transfer of Property whether movable or immovable (Sections 5 – 37), Transfer of Immovable Property [Sec 38 – 53(A)]

3. 03

   Sales of Immovable Property (Sec 54 - 57)

4. 04

   Mortgages of Immovable Property and charges (Sections 58 – 104)

5. 05

   Leases of Immovable Property (Sections 105 – 117)

6. 06

   Exchanges (Sections 118 - 121)

7. 07

   Gifts (Sections 122 - 129)

8. 08

   Transfer of Actionable Claims (Sections 130-137)

9. 09

   The Indian Easement Act

Books Recommended

• Diwan Paras, Transfer of Property.
• Lahri S.M., Transfer of Property.
• Mulla D.F., Transfer of Property Act.
• Shah S.M., Lecturers of Transfer of Property.
• Shukla S.N., Transfer of Property.
• Shukla V.N., Transfer of Property.
• Sinha S.N., Transfer of Property.
• Tripathi G.P., Transfer of Property.

Course Content

1. 01

   Historical Perspective and Regulation of Legal Profession.

2. 02

   Admission, Enrolment and Rights of Advocate, Bar Councils.

3. 03

   Nature and Characteristics of:

   1. Ethics of Legal Profession,
   2. Legal Profession
4. 04

   Contempt of Court:

   1. Civil Contempt
   2. Criminal Contempt
   3. Punishment for Contempt
   4. Defences Against Contempt.
   5. Constitutional Validity of Contempt Law.
   6. Contempt by Lawyers, Judges, State, and Corporate Bodies
5. 05

   Strike by the Lawyers

6. 06

   Extent of Professionalization of Legal Profession

   1. Code of Ethics for Lawyers
   2. Professional Misconduct and its Control
   3. Bar-Bench Relations
   4. Accountability of Lawyers towards Court, Clients and Society
   5. Role of Law and Legal Profession in Social Transformation

Books Recommended

• Gupta S.P., Professional Ethics, Accountancy for Lawyers & Bench Bar Relations.
• Rai Kailash, Professional Ethics, Accountancy for Lawyers & Bench Bar Relations.
• Sirohi (Dr.), Professional Ethics, Accountancy for Lawyers & Bench Bar Relations.

Course Content

1. Formation of Companies

2. 01

   History of Company Legislation in India.

3. 02

   Meaning and Nature of Company with Emphasis on its Advantages and Disadvantages over other forms of Business Organizations.

4. 03

   Kinds of Companies.

5. 04

   Corporate Personality and Lifting the Corporate Veil.

6. 05

   Promotion of Companies – Promoters and Pre- Incorporation Contracts.

7. 06

   Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association:

   1. Meaning, Nature and Contents and Relationship Between the two.
   2. Objects Clauses and Doctrine of Ultra – vires, Doctrine of Indoor Management.
8. 07

   Prospectus and Statement in Lieu of Prospectus.

9. 08

   Membership of Company – Its Acquisition and Termination.

10. Corporate Capital

11. 01

    Share and Share Capital: Meaning, Nature and Kinds; Various rights and Duties Attached to these Shares.

12. 02

    Issuance and Allotment of Shares.

13. 03

    Alteration of Share Capital:

    1. Increase in Share Capital
    2. Reduction of Share Capital
    3. Pre- Emptive Rights and Variation of Class Rights

14. Company Management and Administration

15. 01

    Company and its Various Organs Including Division of Powers between Board of Directors and Company in General Meeting.

16. 02

    Comapny Meetings and Resolution: Types / Kinds of Meetings, Essential Conditions of a Valid Meeting, Procedure for Calling Company Meetings, Resolution Kinds and Procedures relating thereto.

17. 03

    Directors and Managing Director: Appointment and Legal Position.

18. 04

    Oppression and Mismanagement Majority Rule and Minority Protection.

19. 05

    Investigation into the Affairs of Companies.

20. 06

    Reconstruction and Amalgamation.

21. 07

    National Company Law Tribunal: Composition and Powers.

22. 08

    Winding up of Company: Modes of Winding Up, Compulsory Winding Up – Conditons and Positions, Voluntary Winding Up: Kinds and Distinctions, Officials Liquidator and Liquidator, Appointment and Powers. Note – All above topics shall be discussed as per provisions of the recent Companies Act.

Books Recommended

• Majumdar A.K., Company Law and Practice.
• Kapoor G.K. (Dr.) & Gower L.C.B., Principles of Modern Company Law.
• Singh Avtar (Dr.), Indian Company Law.
• Ramayya A., A Guide to Companies Act.
• Rai Kailash, Principles of Company Law.
• Dhingra L.C. (Dr.), Principles of Company Law
• Tripathi S.C. (Dr.), Modern Company Law.

Course Content

1. 01

   Evolution of Industrial Legislation in India

2. 02

   Industrial Disputes Act 1947.

   1. Scope Object & Main Features.
   2. Industry
   3. Industrial Dispute and Individual Dispute
   4. Workman and Employee
   5. Authorities under the Act & Grievance Redressal Machinery
   6. Strike
   7. Lock – Out
   8. Retrenchment
   9. Lay - off
   10. Transfer and Closure
3. 03

   Trade Unions Act, 1926

   1. Growth of Unions in india
   2. Definitions
   3. Registration of Trade Unions
   4. Rights and Liabilities of Registered Trade Unions
   5. Concepts of Collective Bargaining, Recognition, Multiplicity of Trade Unions & Role of outsiders in Trade Unions.
4. 04

   Payment of Wages Act, 1936

5. 05

   Workmen Compensation Act, 1923.

6. 06

   Employees Provident Funds Act, 1991.

7. 07

   Maternity Benefits Act, 1961 with recent Amendments.

Books Recommended

• Bangri P.R., Law of Industrial Disputes.
• Dhingra L.C., Law on Industrial Adjudication in India.
• Goswami V.G, Labour & Industrial Law.
• Kothari G.M. (Dr.), A Study of Industrial Law.
• Malhotra O.P., Law of Industrial Disputes.
• Mishra S.N., Labour and Industrial Law.
• Puri S.K., Labour and Industrial Law.
• Srivastav K.D., Law relating to Trade Unions &Unfair Labour Practices in India.

Course Content

1. 01

   Meaning and definition of environment and pollution, kinds of pollution, sources and consequences of pollution, Ancient Indian Philosophy relating to environment protection.

2. 02

   Constitutional pr ovisions, concerning environment pollution under Code of Criminal Procedure, Indian Penal Code Environment and development, Current environment problems, Public Interest Litigations.

3. 03

   Present regulations and enactments regarding environmental pollution – Definitions and Measures that have been adopted through different legislation –

   1. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
   2. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
   3. The Water (Prevention (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
   4. The Forest Act,1927.
4. 04

   Polluter Pays Principle, Precautionary Principle, Public Trust Doctrine, Sustainable Development, cases at National Green Law Tribunal, Powers and functions of NGT.

Books Recommended

• Diwan Paras, Environment Administration, Law and Judicial Attitude.
• Jaswal P.S., Environmental Law.
• Kumar Naresh: Air Pollution and Environment Protection.
• Pal Chandra, Environmental Pollution & Development.
• Singh Gurdip, Environmentl Law.

Course Content

1. 01

   ARBITRATION– Definition, Nature, Scope and importance of Arbitration; Arbitration Agreement, Composition of Arbitral Tribunal; Jurisdiction of Arbitral Tribunals, Conduct of Arbitral Proceedings; Making of Arbitral Award, Termination of Proceedings; Resource against Arbitral Award, Finality and enforcem ent of Arbitral Awards; Appeal and Revision.

2. 02

   FOREIGN AWARDS – New York Convention Awards; Geneva Convention Awards.

3. 03

   CONCILIATION – Application, Scope, Commencement of Proceedings; Appointment of Conciliators, Submission of statement to conciliators; Role of Conciliator, Communication between Conciliator and Parties; Settlement Agreement, Termination of Conciliation Proceedings; Costs and Deposits of Conciliation Proceedings.

4. 04

   RULE- MAKING POWERS – High Courts, Central Government.

5. 05

   ALTERNATE DISPUTE RESOLUTION SYSTEM

   1. Development, Meaning, Objective and Advantages of A.D.R. System.
   2. Types of A.D.R. System – Mediation, Arbitration, Negotiation, Mini-Trial, Judicial Settlement, Fast Track Arbitration, Final Offer Arbitration, Multi door Court House, Medola, Online Dispute Resolution, Family Settlements etc.
   3. Lok Adalats – Organization, Cognizance of Cases, Awards and Powers of Lok Adalats.
   4. Any two Cases of Arbitration and Conciliation

Books Recommended

• Rao P.C., Alternative Dispute Resolution.
• Basu N.D., Law of Arbitration and Conciliation.
• Kwatra G.K., The Arbitration and Conciliation Law of India.
• Bansal A.K., Law of International Commercial Arbitration.
• Saraf B.P.& Jhunjhnuwala M., Arbitration and Conciliation.
• Malhotra O.P., The Law and Practice of Arbitration and Conciliation
• Law Commission of India Report on Grama Nyayalayas
• Law Commission of India Report on Urban Litigation- Mediation
• The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
• The Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.

Course Content

1. 01

   Preliminary, Definitions, Suits of civil nature, Principles of Res -judicata and Res - subjudice, Foreign judgement, place of suing.

2. 02

   Parties to suit, Frame of suit, Pleading: Plaint, Written statement, Set -off, Counter claim, Suits by indigent persons, Suits in particular cases.

3. 03

   Summons and Discovery, Issues of Summons, Appearance of parties, Summoning and Attendance of witness, Execution of Decrees.

4. 04

   Incidental proceedings: Commission, Letter of request, Supplemental proceedings: Arrest and Attachment before judgement, Temporary injunction, Interlocutory orders, Receiver appeals, References, Review, Revision, Restitution, Caveat, Inherent powers of court.

5. 05

   Limitation of suits, appeals and app lications, Period of Limitation, Continuous running of time, Effect of sufficient cause for not preferring appeals or making applications within the period of limitation, Legal disability, Computation of period of Limitation and Execution of time in legal proceedings, Effect of Death, Fraud, Acknowledgement in writing, Acquisition of ownership by possession.

Books Recommended

• Mulla, Code of Civil Procedure.
• Takwani C.K., Civil Procedure.
• Mathur D.N., The Code of Civil Procedure.
• Jain J.D., Indian Limitation Act.

Course Content

1. 01

   Definitions Constitution of Criminal Courts and their Powers & Jurisdiction

2. 02

   Arrest of persons and the rights of arrested persons; Bail

3. 03

   Information to the police and their powers to investigate.

4. 04

   Cognizance of offences by the magistrate and court of sessions.

5. 05

   Complaints to Magistrates and commencement of Proceedings before Magistrates

6. 06

   The Charge:

   1. Form of Charges
   2. Joinder of Charges
7. 07

   Plea Bargaining

8. 08

   Principal features of fair trial. Trial Procedures –

   1. Sessions Trial
   2. Warrant Trial
   3. Cases Instituted upon a Police Report
   4. Cases Instituted otherwise than on a Police Report
   5. Conclusion of Trial
   6. Summons Trial by Magistrates
   7. Summary Trial
9. 09

   Appeal, Revision & Reference.

10. 10

    Maintenance of wives, children and parents

Books Recommended

• Banerjee P.C., Criminal Trial and Investigation. Kelkar R.V., Criminal Procedure Code.
• Kelkar R.V., Lecturers on Criminal Procedure.
• Lal Ratan & Lal Dhiraj, The Code of Criminal Procedure. Mishra S.N., The Code of Criminal Procedure.
• Sarkar S.C., Law of Criminal Procedure

Course Content

1. 01

   Fact In-Issue; Relevant Facts; Document

2. 02

   Evidence: Proved; Disproved; Not proved.

3. 03

   May Presume, Shall Presume, and Conclusive Proof

4. 04

   Circumstantial Evidence

5. 05

   Relevancy and Admissibility; Res Gestae

6. 06

   Admission; Confession

7. 07

   Dying Declaration

8. 08

   Relevancy of Judgments

9. 09

   Opinion of Experts; Opinion of Third Persons

10. 10

    Conduct and Character of Parties

11. 11

    Judicial Notice

12. 12

    Estoppel

13. 13

    Means of Proof: Oral Evidence; Documents - Public Document, Private Document, Primary and Secondary Evidence: Exclusion of Oral by Documentary Evidence

14. 14

    Burden of Proof

15. 15

    Witnesses: Competency and Compellability of Witnesses; Examination of Witnesses; Privileges: State Privilege and Private Privilege

Books Recommended

• Lal Batuk, Law of Evidence.
• Ratanal & Dhiraj Lal, The Law of Evidence.
• Sarathi Vepa P, Law of Evidence.
• Sarkar M.C. & Sarkar S.C., Law of Evidence in India.
• Sarkar S. & Ejaz Ahmed, Law of Evidence.
• Singh Avatar (Dr.), Law of Evidence.

Course Content

1. 01

   Division and Constitution of U.P. into Revenue Areas, Powers and Function of Revenue Board, Commissioners, Collectors, Additional Collectors, Tahsildar and Lekhpal.

2. 02

   Boundary and Boundary Marks – Fixation, Demarcation, Repair and Renewal, Penalty for Damage and destruction, Settlement of Boundary disputes.

3. 03

   Maintenance and Revision of Village Records – Record of Rights, Mutation Proceedings, Record and Survey Operation, Preparation of New Record of Rights.

4. 04

   Management of Land and Other Properties by Gra m Panchayat, Land Management Committee, Gaon Fund, Consolidated Gaon Fund.

5. 05

   Classes and Rights of Land Tenures – Bhumidhar with Transferable Rights, Bhumidhar with non Transferable Rights and Asami. Declaration, Bequeth, Transfer, Exchange, Lease, Mortgage, Division.

6. 06

   Devolution – Order of Succession and Survivorship.

7. 07

   Abandonment, Surrender, Ejectment and Declaratory Suit and Rent.

8. 08

   Land Revenue – Liability, First Charge, Process of Collection of Land Revenue.

9. 09

   Revenue Courts – Jurisdiction and Procedure, Fir st Appeal, Second Appeal, Board’s Power of Review.

Books Recommended

• Maurya R.R., Uttar Pradesh Land Laws.
• Singh D.P. Kanwal, Land Laws (Including Land Acquisition and Rent Laws)
• Singh Yatindra, The Uttar Pradesh Imposition of Ceiling of Land Holding Act, 1960.
• Uttar Pradesh Revenue Code, 2006 as amended by U.P. Revenue Code (Amendment) Act, 2016 (4 of 2016) (w.e.f.
• 18-12-2015 & 11-02-2016).

Course Content

1. 01

   Drafting: General Principles of Drafting and Relevant Substantive Rules shall be taught.

2. Pleadings

3. 01

   Civil

   1. Plaint
   2. Written Statement
   3. Interlocutory Application
   4. Original Petition
   5. Affidavit
   6. Execution Petition
   7. Memorandum of Appeal
   8. Memorandum of Revision
   9. Petition under Articles 226 and 32 of the Constitution of India.
4. 02

   Criminal

   1. Complaints
   2. Criminal Miscellaneous Petition
   3. Bail Application
   4. Memorandum of Appeal and Revision.
5. 03

   Conveyancing: Essentials of Deed, Sale Deed, Mortgage Deed, Lease Deed, Gift Deed, Promissory Note, Power of Attorney, Will, Agreements.

Books Recommended

• Chaturvedi A.N., Pleadings, ConveyanciFng and Drafting and Legal Professional Ethics.
• Chaturvedi R.N., Pleading, Drafting and Conveyancing.
• Moga P.C., The Law of Pleadings in India.
• Singh B.P., Pleadings, Conveyancing and Drafting.

Course Content

1. 01

   Introductory: Meaning, Purpose and Scope of Interpretation of Statutes; Nature of Statutes and their Classification.

2. 02

   Internal Aids to Interpretation: Title; Preamble; Headings and Marginal Notes. External Aids to Interpretation; Parliamentary History; Stare Decisis (Judicial Precedents); Dictionaries.

3. 03

   Rules of Statutory Interpretation: Primary (Basic) Rules; Secondary (Subsidiary) Rules; Literal Rule; Golden Rule; Mischief Rule.

4. 04

   Judicial Activism: Nature and Scope.

5. 05

   Presumptions in Statutory Interpretation: Presumption as to Jurisdiction; Presumption as to Prospective Operation of Statutes; Presumption Against Violation of International Law.

6. 06

   Maxims of Statutory Interpretation: Ejusdem Generis; Expressio Unius Est Exuclusio Alterius; Ut Res Magis Valeat Quam Paraeat, Noscitur a sociis, Raddendo singular singulis.

7. 07

   Interpretation with Reference to the Subject Matter and Purpose of Statutes : Penal Statutes; Taxing Statutes, Welfare Legislation, Prospective and Retrospective Operation.

8. 08

   Principles of Constitutional Interpretation: Harmonious Construction; Doctrine of Pith and Substance; Doctrine of Colourable Legislation; Occupied Field; Repugnancy.

Books Recommended

• Langan P.St., Maxwell on the Interpretation of Statutes.
• Mathur D.N., Interpretation of Statutes.
• Miers David R., Sweet & Maxwell (Interpretation of Statute).
• Sarathi V.P., Interpretation of Statutes.
• Singh Avtar (Dr.), Interpretation of Statutes.
• Singh G.P., Principles of Statutory Interpretation.
• Srivastva R.D., Interpretation of Statutes and Legislation.

Course Content

1. 01

   Need and Importance of Legal Language

2. 02

   Proficiency in General English

   1. Parts and Types of Sentences
   2. Parts of Speech – A Brief Introduction
   3. Tenses: Forms and Use
   4. Active and Passive Voice
   5. Direct and Indirect (or Reported) Speech
   6. Some Common Mistakes in English
3. 03
   1. Legal Terminology, Legal Terminology, Foreign words, Legal Maxims.
   2. Synonyms, Antonyms, Homonyms, One word substitution.
   3. Consulting a Dictionary
   4. Preparation of Bibliography.
   5. Abbreviations – Common abbreviations used in footnotes and general legal writings; abbreviations used for Indian and foreign legal periodicals.
4. 04

   Writing of Case Comment

   1. Understanding physical structure of a case reported in a Legal journals such as A.I.R., S.C.C., Scale, J.T. etc.
   2. General introduction of doctrine of precedent
   3. Precedent as source of Law (Ratio Decidendi and Obiter dictum).
   4. Circumstances which destroy or weaken the binding force of precedent
   5. Circumstances which increases the authority of a precedent.
   6. Method of writing a case comment.
5. 05

   Translation – English to Hindi and Hindi to English (on legal topic).

6. 06

   Comprehension of Legal Text.

7. 07

   Essay Writing on Topics of Legal Interest in English.

8. 08

   Former legal Correspondence, Letter Writing in English.

Books Recommended

• Abidi Ishtiaque, Law and Language.
• Sharma K.S. (Dr.), Legal Language, Legal Writing and English Usage.
• Hindi English Legal Glosary, Vidhi Sahitya Prakashan, Ministry of Law, New Delhi.

Course Content

1. 01

   Meaning and Definition of Human Rights, Concept of Human Rights.

2. 02

   Human Rights and the United Nations.

   1. Charter Provisions.
   2. International Protection of Human Rights.
3. 03

   Universal Declaration of Human Rights

4. 04

   Generations of Human Rights (Three Generations):

   1. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Two Protocols
   2. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
   3. Collective Rights
5. 05

   European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

6. 06

   American Convention on Human Rights

7. 07

   National Human Rights Institutions with Special reference to National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) and National Commission for Women (NCW).

8. 08

   Inclusion of Human Rights Jurisprudence Under the Constitution of India Through Judicial Interpretation

Books Recommended

• Agrawal H.O.,Human Rights.
• Basu D.D., Human Rights in Constitutional Law.
• Khera S.C., Human Rights and United Nation.

Course Content

1. Moot Court

2. 01

   Each student does at least two moot courts in a semester, each carrying 10 marks: 5 marks for written submissions (recorded in the Sessional Diary) and 5 marks for oral advocacy.

3. 02

   Practice moots are held routinely in class, and the three compulsory test moots for examination are held near the end of the semester. The Sessional Diary carries 15 marks (5 marks for each test moot).

4. Court Assignments

5. 01

   Observation of trial in four cases – two civil and two criminal. Students record the steps observed on each day of attendance in the Diary of Sessional Work. This component carries 25 marks.

6. Interviewing Techniques and Pre-Trial Preparation

7. 01

   Observation of client interviewing sessions at a lawyer’s office or legal aid office, recorded in the Diary of Sessional Work (10 marks).

8. 02

   Observation of the preparation of documents and court papers by an advocate and the procedure for filing a suit or petition, recorded in the Sessional Diary (10 marks).

9. Viva-voce

10. 01

    Viva-voce examination by the Board of Examiners on the above three components (10 marks).

Books Recommended

• Rai Kailash (Dr.), Moot Court, Pre-Trial Preparations & Participation in Trial Proceedings.
• Awasthi S.K. (Prof.), Practical Training of Law, Moot Court & Viva-Voce.